This is a video explaining how energy flows through an ecosystem and how nutrients and minerals are cycled from one organism to another. Video ini menerangkan bagaimana tenaga dialirkan di dalam sebuah ekosistem dan bagaimana zat-zat makanan dikitarkan semula dari satu organisma ke organisma lain.
Key points:
Energy FLOWS through an ecosystem. Tenaga MENGALIR menerusi sebuah ekosistem.
Nutrients CYCLE through an ecosystem. Bahan mineral DIKITAR SEMULA di dalam sebuah ekosistem.
Energy is lost from one tier of consumers to another. For example, if plants can supply 10000 Joules of energy, a primary consumer would only be able to pass on 7000 Joules of energy to a secondary consumer. The rest of the energy is lost to the environment as heat through biological processes. Tenaga yang diterima oleh organisma pemangsa dalam sebuah rantaian makanan menjadi kurang dari satu peringkat ke peringkat yang lain. Contohnya, sekiranya pengeluar boleh membekalkan 10,000 Joule tenaga, konsumer primer yang memakannya hanya boleh memberikan 7,000 Joule tenaga kepada konsumer sekunder yang memakannya nanti. Ini adalah sebab tenaga yang diperolehi dari pengeluar akan digunakan bagi proses-proses biologi dalam tubuh konsumer itu dan tenaga akan hilang sebagai tenaga haba.
The Sun is the main source of energy for living organisms on Earth. Matahari merupakan sumber tenaga yang utama bagi kehidupan di Bumi.
Hey Form 4, this video is about subatomic particles; protons, neutrons and electrons. Watch this first:
Key points:
1. Protons carry positive charge (+ve).
2. Electrons carry negative charge (-ve).
3. Neutrons carry no charge. There is no such thing as 'neutral charge'.
4. There are two types of 'numbers':
a. Proton number
- Total number of protons in an atom
b. Nucleon number
- Total number of protons and neutrons
c. You don't learn 'neutron number' at Form 4. It is not part of your syllabus, so don't worry about it. If you really want to know, post your question in the shoutbox and I'll ask a friend of mine to elaborate. =)
5. Neutron and Proton makes up the nucleus of the atom. The nucleus is surrounded by the electrons.
6. Number of electrons and protons are always equal in a neutral atom (without charge; for instance, Na, Ca, O, C, etc. Example of charged atoms are Na+, Ca2+, etc)
7. When an ATOM becomes an ION, it either RECEIVES electrons (reduction) or LOSES electrons (oxidation).
- Receives electron = Reduction. This is because the oxidation number of the ION becomes smaller when it receives electron. The oxidation number is REDUCED. Hence, reduction. The opposite is true for Oxidation.
There you go. Digest all that information. For questions, post in shoutbox. =)
Hi Form 1, last week I gave you the worksheet about Earth's resources for you to finish at home. We discussed a little about how Earth's resources are being used up at an alarming rate and how we need to recycle and conserve Earth's natural resources. Watch this video:
Post your questions on Shoutmix Chat on the right panel of this blog.